Which of the following terms is used to describe a solution with lower osmolarity than body fluids?

The term used to describe a solution with lower osmolarity than body fluids is "hypotonic." In a hypotonic solution, the concentration of solutes is less than that of the fluids within cells, which can result in the movement of water into cells. This influx of water can cause cells to swell and even burst if the difference in osmolarity is significant enough.

In contrast, hypertonic solutions have a higher osmolarity than body fluids, leading to water moving out of the cells and causing them to shrink. Isoosmotic solutions have equal osmolarity to body fluids, meaning there is no net movement of water into or out of cells. Isotonic solutions are similar in that they do not cause a change in cell volume, but are specifically described in terms of having equal osmotic pressure.

Understanding these terms is crucial in the context of medical treatments, especially in dialysis, where managing fluid and electrolyte balance is vital for patient safety and effective therapy.