Which of the following symptoms indicates fluid overload in a patient?

Edema and shortness of breath are well-recognized symptoms of fluid overload in a patient. When fluid accumulates in the body, it can lead to swelling, commonly seen as edema, particularly in the lower extremities, hands, or face. Additionally, excess fluid can accumulate in the lungs, resulting in shortness of breath, as it impairs normal respiratory function. This combination of symptoms is a clear indicator that the body is retaining more fluid than it can adequately handle, making the correct choice evident.

Other symptoms listed do not specifically point to fluid overload and could arise from a variety of other conditions. Hypotension and cramping may occur due to dehydration or electrolyte imbalances rather than fluid excess. Nausea and vomiting might be related to numerous gastrointestinal or metabolic issues, while numbness and tingling can result from nerve compression or other neurological conditions. Thus, only the edema and shortness of breath directly indicate the problem of fluid overload.