What is the classic sign of hemolysis?

The classic sign of hemolysis during a hemodialysis procedure is cranberry juice colored blood in the venous line. Hemolysis occurs when red blood cells break down, releasing hemoglobin into the plasma. This results in a distinctive reddish or cranberry coloration because of the presence of free hemoglobin. When blood appears this color in the venous line, it indicates that hemolysis may be occurring, prompting further investigation into the cause, such as issues with the dialyzer, blood flow rates, or potential mechanical trauma to the red blood cells.

In contrast, black blood in either the arterial or venous lines is not indicative of hemolysis; it may suggest other issues such as clotting or certain chemical reactions. Clear looking blood does not signify hemolysis either, as it indicates that there isn’t a significant breakdown of red blood cells. Therefore, observing a cranberry juice color in the venous line serves as a clear and recognizable sign of hemolysis that assists in identifying complications during dialysis treatment.