A nephron is comprised of which two main components?

A nephron, the functional unit of the kidney, consists of two main components: the glomerulus and the tubule system. The glomerulus is a network of capillaries that filters blood to form urine, while the tubule system includes structures like the proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting duct, which further process the filtrate and reabsorb essential substances before excreting the waste as urine. This organization allows the nephron to effectively carry out its crucial roles in filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.

Other options, while mentioning various parts of the urinary system, do not accurately describe the primary components of a nephron. The bladder and ureters are parts of the urinary tract but are not components of a nephron. The cortex and capsule refer to parts of the kidney structure rather than the nephron itself, and although the loop of Henle is a part of the tubule system of the nephron, the term "capillary ball" is not a recognized term for describing nephron components. Thus, the first option clearly identifies the correct components of the nephron.